Sources

A Call for Control of Frontier AI Models

Government of Finland

Joint statement launched on 21 September 2026 by 22 leaders from 20 countries and the European Commission, open to further endorsements, calling for exploration of an international institution for frontier AI.

A Thousand AI Constitutions

Simon Goldstein and Peter N. Salib

Argues against a single uniform AI constitution and for deliberate diversification of the values embedded across models; presented through the Institute for Law & AI but authored independently of it.

AI 2040: Is it Actually a Deal?

1a3orn, LessWrong; discussion includes Daniel Kokotajlo and Thane Ruthenis

Critique and replies on international decision procedures, disagreement, and concentration of power.

AI 2040: Plan A, including Appendix K

AI Futures Project

Policy scenario with Appendix K, Example detailed regulatory process: regulator-selected third-party assessors, risk thresholds, public selections and weightings, and negotiation over divergence.

Location: Appendix K, "Example detailed regulatory process," is included in this full-text print page.

AI Agents, Misalignment and the Risk of Losing Human Control

UN Independent International Scientific Panel on AI

First thematic brief, 21 September 2026, on the OpenAI-Hugging Face incident.

AI Control: Improving Safety Despite Intentional Subversion

Ryan Greenblatt, Buck Shlegeris, Kshitij Sachan, and Fabien Roger

Experiments with monitoring and control protocols in a programming setting.

About the FSB

Financial Stability Board

Mandate; decisions not legally binding, implemented by members at national level.

Article 48

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Historical account of emergency authority in the Weimar constitutional system.

Credit Ratings, Congress, and Mandatory Self Reliance

Zachary Mollengarden, Yale Law & Policy Review

Why removing rating references proved difficult in practice.

Dispute settlement: Appellate Body

World Trade Organization

Official account of the Appellate Body and its inability to review appeals because of vacancies.

Finland and Norway lead 22-nation call for global AI oversight body

Finnish AI Region

Reports that the United States and China did not sign, and President Stubb's stated preference for an IAEA-like body.

Frequently Asked Questions

Texas Sunset Advisory Commission

Explanation of agency review, continuation, and exceptions to abolition.

Group Boycotts

Federal Trade Commission

Competition-law guidance on coordinated refusals to deal.

History of the Basel Committee

Bank for International Settlements

Establishment at the end of 1974 after the Herstatt failure; growth to 45 institutions from 28 jurisdictions.

History of the CAS

Court of Arbitration for Sport

Founding in 1984, the 1993 Gundel judgment, and the 1994 reform creating ICAS.

International AI Safety Report 2026

International AI Safety Report

Research synthesis on general-purpose AI capabilities, risks, safeguards, and uncertainty.

International Convention against Doping in Sport (2005)

UNESCO

Treaty text by which states adopt national anti-doping measures.

Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring, February 2024

Financial Action Task Force

States that the grey list does not call for enhanced due diligence and that FATF standards do not envisage de-risking.

Learn About Volkswagen Violations

US Environmental Protection Agency

Agency account of software that recognized emissions-testing conditions.

More compute, more capability: Why AI agent evaluations need to account for test-time compute

AI Security Institute

Experiments showing that test-time resource limits affect measured agent capability.

Multinational AGI Consortium (MAGIC): A Proposal for International Coordination on AI

Jason Hausenloy, Andrea Miotti, and Claire Dennis

Proposal for exclusive consortium development of advanced AI, supported by restrictions enacted by signatory states.

Mutu and Pechstein v. Switzerland (2018)

European Court of Human Rights

CAS independent; compulsory arbitration requires full Article 6 guarantees; violation for refusal of a public hearing.

Performance-Enhanced Arbitration? The CAS Ad Hoc Division

Elizabeth Kantor, Kluwer Arbitration Blog

The ad hoc division since Atlanta 1996 and its 24-hour decision target.

President Stubb and Prime Minister of Norway: The rapid development of AI requires international cooperation

Office of the President of Finland

Launch announcement listing the 22 leaders from 20 countries who supported the Call at launch.

Preventing Policy Capture: Integrity in Public Decision Making

OECD

Analysis of capture mechanisms and institutional responses.

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689: consolidated text of 27 July 2026

EUR-Lex

Articles 51, 52, and 97: classification, thresholds, designation procedures, and delegated powers.

Russia doping ban reduced to two years

Gowling WLG

The December 2020 CAS award in WADA v. RUSADA.

Senate Executive Report 110-11

US Senate

Background on the 1998 scandal, the 1999 Lausanne conference, and WADA's founding.

Swift Sanctions Statement

SWIFT

SWIFT's position that it has no authority to make sanctions decisions and complies with EU law as a Belgian company.

Swift instructed to disconnect sanctioned Iranian banks following EU Council decision

SWIFT

March 2012 disconnection under EU sanctions, confirmed by the Belgian government.

Swift statement on 2022 sanctions

SWIFT

Disconnection of seven designated Russian entities on 12 March 2022 under EU Regulation 2022/345.

Testimony on Section 939A of the Dodd-Frank Act

Mark E. Van Der Weide, Federal Reserve Board

Purpose of removing credit-rating references from federal regulation after the crisis.

The AI Doc is Now on Netflix + All Major Streaming Platforms

Center for Humane Technology

CHT announcement about the documentary and its public-engagement work.

The AI Roadmap: How We Ensure AI Serves Humanity

Center for Humane Technology

Seven principles addressing safety, duty of care, well-being, work, rights, international limits, and power.

The Impact of Gray-Listing on Capital Flows: An Analysis Using Machine Learning (WP/21/153)

Mizuho Kida and Simon Paetzold, IMF

Finds a large, statistically significant fall in capital inflows after grey-listing.

US blockage of judges disables World Trade Organization appeals court

Andrew Hursh, JURIST

Contemporaneous reporting on the US appointment blockage and loss of an appeals quorum.

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015, Public Law 114-23, Section 401

US Government Publishing Office

Statutory provision for amicus participation in foreign-intelligence surveillance court proceedings.

Ukraine Conflict: Russian banks banned from SWIFT

West P&I

Lists the banks and the exemption of Sberbank and Gazprombank for energy payments.

Who Writes the AI Constitution?

Nicolas McMullan and Kevin Frazier, Lawfare

Examines who currently drafts and controls the documents that set a model's values and behavior, and argues that this activity raises free-expression questions; the authors' First Amendment argument is their own view, not a settled legal conclusion, and it presumes a domestic drafter subject to US law.